Episodes Tagged with "Caldwell Johnson"

Apr 2

Space Rocket History #107 – Apollo: The Mode Decision – Part 2

Posted on April 2, 2015

Langley’s brochure for the Golovin Committee described Lunar landers of varied sizes and payload capabilities. There were illustrations and data on a very small lander that was able to carry one man for 2 to 4 hours on the moon. There was an “econo...

Early design concepts of C-1 and C-5 versions of the Saturn launch vehicles

NASA announced selection of the lunar-orbit-rendezvous landing technique at an 11 July 1962 press conference. left to right James E. Webb, Robert C. Seamans, Jr., D. Brainerd Holmes, and Joseph F. Shea

Harry C. Shoaf (Space Task Group Engineering Division 15 November 1961 of a proposed lunar lander to be used with an advanced version of the Mercury spacecraft

concept of a small lunar lander during descent to the surface of the moon, as proposed by Langley Research Center employees in October 1961

Tagged:Abe Silverstein, Abma, Alfred Eggers, Ames Research Center, Apollo, Brainerd Holmes, Caldwell Johnson, Charles Frick, Charles Houbolt, Charles Mattews, Charlie Fricks Road Show, Clinton Brown, Congress, Direct Ascent, Docking, Dolan, Eldon Hall, Eor, Exploration, Faget, Fleming, General Dynamics Convair, George Low, Gilruth, Golovin, Harold Hornby, History, Holmes, Houbolt, Houston, Hugh Dryden, Huntsville, James Chamberlin, James Webb, Jfk, John Eggleston, Joseph Shea, Jpl, Kennedy, Kurt Strass, Langley, Lewis Research Center, Lina, Lindsay, Lor, Lunar, Lunar Crasher, Lunar Module, Lunar Orbit Rendezvous, Lunar Orbit, Manned Space Flight, Manned Spacecraft Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, Max Faget, Mode, Moon, Nasa, Nova, Project Apollo, Rendezvous, Robert Seamans, Rocket, Saturn, Saturn C 5, Seamans, Soviet, Space, Space Task Group, Spacecraft Research Division, Vogeley, Von Braun, Vought, William Rector

Apr 9

Space Rocket History #108 – Apollo: The Mode Decision – Part 3

Posted on April 9, 2015

“I would like to reiterate once more that it is absolutely mandatory that we arrive at a definite mode decision within the next few weeks. . . . If we do not make a clear-cut decision on the mode very soon, our chances of accomplishing the first luna...

Shea uses models to demonstrate how the lunar module would dock with the command module

Rocket Comparison

Lunar orbit insertion

Tagged:Abe Silverstein, Abma, Alfred Eggers, Ames Research Center, Apollo, Brainerd Holmes, Caldwell Johnson, Charles Frick, Charles Houbolt, Charles Mattews, Charlie Fricks Road Show, Clinton Brown, Congress, Csm, Direct Ascent, Docking, Dolan, Douglas, Dryden, Eldon Hall, Eor, Exploration, Faget, Fleming, General Dynamics Convair, George Low, Gilruth, Golovin, Grumman, Harold Hornby, History, Holmes, Houbolt, Houston, Hugh Dryden, Huntsville, James Chamberlin, James Webb, Jerome Wiesner, Jfk, John Eggleston, Joseph Shea, Jpl, Kennedy, Kurt Strass, Langley, Lem, Lewis Research Center, Lina, Lindsay, Lor, Lunar, Lunar Crasher, Lunar Module, Lunar Orbit Rendezvous, Lunar Orbit, Manned Space Flight, Manned Spacecraft Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, Max Faget, Mode, Moon, Msc, Msfc, Nasa, Nicholas Golovin, Nova, Presidents Science Advisory Committee, Project Apollo, Psac, Rca, Rendezvous, Robert Seamans, Rocket, Saturn, Saturn C 5, Saturn C 8, Saturn C Ib, Seamans, Soviet, Space, Space Task Group, Spacecraft Research Division, Vogeley, Von Braun, Vought, William Rector

Aug 16

Space Rocket History #445 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – A Kind Invitation

Posted on August 16, 2024

In 1969, NASA Administrator Thomas O. Paine saw an opportunity for a paradigm shift in Soviet-American space relations. Given the United States’ clear lead in the race to the moon, he believed an offer of cooperation would not jeopardize the US luna...

1-p102

3-p108b

2-p108a

Tagged:Apollo Soyuz, Arnold Frutkin, Astp, Blagonravov, Caldwell Johnson, Chuck Mathews, Dale Myers, Feoktistov, George Hardy, George Low, Glynn Lunney, Keldysh, Nixon, Office Of Manned Space Flight, Petrov, Philip Culbertson, Robert Gilruth, Thomas Paine, Willard Taub, William C Schneider

Aug 30

Space Rocket History #446 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – Tell Us All Your Secrets

Posted on August 30, 2024

Lunney and his colleagues were especially captivated by the descriptions of the Soyuz control systems provided by Shatalov and Beregovoy. While immersed in the U.S. space programs, the NASA representatives could only follow the U.S.-U.S.S.R. competit...

3-left to right,Johnson,Hardy,Krimer,Frutkin, and Gilruth

2-Soyuz

1-ringandcone

Tagged:Apollo Soyuz, Arnold Frutkin, Astp, Blagonravov, Caldwell Johnson, Feoktistov, George Hardy, George Low, Glynn Lunney, Keldysh, Petrov, Robert Gilruth

Sep 14

Space Rocket History #447 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – Creating a Partnership

Posted on September 14, 2024

On January 20th, 1971 in private negotiation, Low and Frutkin met with Keldysh and Feoktistov to discuss rendezvous and docking. NASA proposed developing compatible systems for Apollo and Soyuz rather than future spacecraft, aiming to give specialist...

P-1Academician Aleksandr Pavlovich Vinogradov, left, examines a lunar rock collected on the Apollo 12 mission

P-3 Academician Keldysh below headed the delegations and signed the agreements Soviet Academy of Sciences photos)

P-2 At the Presidium of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, the Soviet and American negotiators face one another at the conference table in January 1971

Tagged:Apollo Soyuz, Arnold Frutkin, Astp, Caldwell Johnson, Feoktistov, George Hardy, George Low, Glynn Lunney, Keldysh, Petrov, Robert Gilruth, Vinogradov

Sep 28

Space Rocket History #448 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – Soyuz/Skylab & Apollo/Salyut

Posted on September 28, 2024

Two options were presented: Apollo docking with Salyut/Soyuz or Soyuz with Skylab/Apollo. Caldwell Johnson was taken aback by the Soviets’ eagerness to immediately pursue the development of a universal docking mechanism.

3-Apollo Salyut

2-Soyuz Skylab

1-Apollo-Soyuz-Astronomy

Tagged:Apollo Soyuz, Arnold Frutkin, Astp, Caldwell Johnson, Feoktistov, George Hardy, George Low, Glynn Lunney, Keldysh, Petrov, Robert Gilruth, Salyut, Skylab

Oct 11

Space Rocket History #449 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – Apollo-Salyut Test Mission Planning

Posted on October 11, 2024

The spacecraft designers led by Caldwell Johnson faced a demanding task. Director Gilruth urged them to accelerate the development of the docking adapter design, aiming to have a functional model ready for the upcoming November meeting with the Sovie...

1-Apollo-Salyut Hardware

2-Compatable Rendezvous Systems

3-Preliminary DM

Tagged:Apollo Salyut, Apollo Soyuz, Arnold Frutkin, Astp, Bill Creasy, Bushuyev, Caldwell Johnson, Covington, Docking Module, George Hardy, George Low, Glynn Lunney, International Rendezvous And Docking Mission, James Jones, Petrov, Robert Gilruth, Salyut, Skylab, Soyuz 11

Oct 25

Space Rocket History #450 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – Round 3 with the Soviets

Posted on October 25, 2024

Finally Kraft and Gilruth told the Soviets that if they were unwilling to agree to the telephone conversations then the NASA delegation might as well pack up and go back to Houston. After some hesitation, the Soviets decided to try the telephone tele...

2-Docking

Screenshot

1-Docking

Tagged:Apollo Salyut, Apollo Soyuz, Astp, Bill Creasy, Bobkov, Bushuyev, Caldwell Johnson, Docking Module, Edgar Lineberry, George Hardy, George Low, Glynn Lunney, Igor Shmyglevskiy, Ilya Lavrov, Leroy Roberts, Petrov, Robert Gilruth, Robert Smylie, Salyut, Star City

Nov 8

Space Rocket History #451 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – No More Salyut?

Posted on November 8, 2024

In a re-evaluation of the proposed test mission, the Soviets concluded that utilizing the Salyut spacecraft would not be technically and economically viable.

3-Vladimir Kotelnikov

2-Konstantin Bushuyev

1-alexey-petrov-1

Tagged:Apollo Salyut, Apollo Soyuz, Astp, Bill Creasy, Bushuyev, Caldwell Johnson, Docking Module, George Low, Glynn Lunney, Kotelnikov, Leroy Roberts, Petrov, Robert Gilruth, Salyut

Nov 22

Space Rocket History #452 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project – Full Speed Ahead

Posted on November 22, 2024

In April of 1972, George Low returned to Washington from Moscow and briefed Henry Kissinger. He conveyed NASA’s assessment that a joint space mission in 1975 was feasible.

P2-Soviet two-fifths-scale model of their version of the ASTP docking system

P1- Nixon Kosygin summit

P3-Apollo communications links

Tagged:Apollo Soyuz, Astp, Berglund, Bushuyev, Caldwell Johnson, Chet Lee, Csm 111, Dale Myers, Docking Module, Gene Cernan, George Low, Glynn Lunney, James Fletcher, Kosygin, Nixon, Owen Morris, Petrov, Robert Gilruth, Rocco Petrone, Syromyatnikov

Jan 29

Space Rocket History #98 – Apollo Beginnings

Posted on January 29, 2015

President Kennedy proposed the manned lunar landing as the focus of the US space program but, at the time of his address, only one American, Alan B. Shepard, Jr. had been into space, on a suborbital lob shot lasting 15 minutes. No rocket launch vehic...

c012a

GilruthThompsonGlennan

c010

c002c

c002b

c002a

Tagged:Abe Silverstein, Abraham Hyatt, Air Force, Ames, Apollo, Army, Caldwell Johnson, Cape Kennedy, Circumlunar, Csq, Docking, Eisenhower, Eldon Hall, Exploration, F 1, Gatv, Gemini, Gemini Project, George Sutton, Glennon, Goddard, Goett, History, Homer Newell, Houston, Jfk, John Hodge, Jpl, Kennedy, Kieth Glennan, Lbj, Lewis, Lunar, Lunar Module, Lyndon Johnson, Manned Spacecraft Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, Max Faget, Mercury, Mit, Moon, Naca, Nasa, Nova, Project Apollo, Rendezvous, Robert Piland, Rocket, Rocketdyne, Saturn, Soviet, Space, Space Task Group, Sputnik, Strass, Thomas Muse, Von Braun, William Schneider, X 15